Ragged Sea Hare
Bursatella leachii
Characteristics
Scientific name
Size
Depth range
Nutrition
Behave
Frequency in Cyprus
Protection status
Native/Immigrant
Bursatella leachii
Usually 5 to 12 cm, occasionally reaching about 12 cm
Mostly 0 to 10 m, occasionally down to around 30 m
Herbivorous; feeds on algae, algal films, and organic detritus
Slow-moving, often found in groups, especially in sheltered shallow waters
Locally common in suitable habitats
Not globally threatened; no specific protection status
Introduced to the Mediterranean, most likely through the Suez Canal (Lessepsian migrant
The Ragged Sea Hare (Bursatella leachii) is a distinctive sea slug recognized by its shaggy appearance, branching papillae, and bright blue eyespots. It is commonly found in shallow seagrass meadows, sandy lagoons, and sheltered coastal areas.
Although well camouflaged among algae and seagrass, attentive divers and snorkelers in Cyprus may occasionally encounter this unusual marine mollusc.
Where to Find in Cyprus: Dive Sites & Habitat
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Bursatella leachii is established throughout the eastern Mediterranean and has been recorded in Cyprus as part of its expanding Mediterranean distribution. It prefers sheltered coastal habitats with sandy or muddy substrates, particularly areas containing seagrass meadows such as Posidonia oceanica or dense algal growth. The species is most frequently encountered in very shallow water, often between 1 and 10 metres depth. Sightings are generally more common during the warmer months from late spring through autumn, when populations can increase rapidly due to its short life cycle and continual reproduction.
Divers and snorkelers are most likely to find this species in sheltered bays, lagoons, and shallow seagrass areas rather than on exposed rocky reefs. For Cyprus, it is considered an established Lessepsian migrant and a regular component of the coastal marine fauna.
Behavior & Key Features Underwater
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The Ragged Sea Hare is a slow crawler that spends its time grazing on algae and biofilms growing on seagrass leaves and soft substrates. It is often observed in groups, especially during breeding periods. Like other sea hares, it is hermaphroditic, and several individuals may form mating chains in which each animal acts as both male and female at different stages.
Its most distinctive features are the numerous branched papillae covering the body and the conspicuous blue eyespots scattered across its skin. If disturbed, it can release a cloud of purple ink as a defensive mechanism against predators. Unlike some other sea hares, Bursatella leachii cannot swim and remains on the seabed. Divers should avoid handling the animal, as this may trigger its stress response and ink release.
Frequently asked Questions (FAQ)
Is the Ragged Sea Hare dangerous to humans?
No. Bursatella leachii is harmless to divers, swimmers, and snorkelers. Its purple ink is a defensive mechanism and poses no significant threat to humans.
Why is it called a Ragged Sea Hare?
The species gets its name from the shaggy, ragged appearance created by its many branching papillae and from the ear-like sensory tentacles typical of sea hares.
Can the Ragged Sea Hare be found year-round in Cyprus?
It may be present throughout the year, but sightings are generally more common during the warmer months when populations increase and breeding activity is higher.
Written by
Daniel "KID"